Principles Of Nutrition: Physical Activity Programme! Trivia Quiz

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Principles Of Nutrition: Physical Activity Programme! Trivia Quiz - Quiz

It’s essential to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Nutritionist advice on keeping a healthy diet and avoiding junk foods, drinking lots of water, and doing excises daily. There are programs people can join to help aid in maintaining a healthy life. Take up the quiz to learn more about nutrition programs.


Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the diet?

    • A.

      To absorb vitamins

    • B.

      To supply energy

    • C.

      To allow for enzyme action

    • D.

      To promote repair of tissues

    Correct Answer
    B. To supply energy
    Explanation
    Carbohydrates are the main source of energy in the diet. When consumed, they are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body for various functions, including fueling the brain and muscles. Carbohydrates provide quick and easily accessible energy, making them essential for overall bodily functions and physical activities. While they also play a role in other functions such as enzyme action and tissue repair, their primary function is to supply energy.

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  • 2. 

    Which fuel is needed for the effective utilisation of fat?

    • A.

      Glucose

    • B.

      Protein

    • C.

      Fibre

    • D.

      Alcohol

    Correct Answer
    A. Glucose
    Explanation
    Glucose is the correct answer because it is the primary source of energy for the body. When fat is broken down, it is converted into glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis. Glucose is then used by the body for various functions, including providing energy for the cells. Without glucose, the effective utilization of fat would not be possible.

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  • 3. 

    What is the function of fiber in a balanced healthy diet?

    • A.

      It supplies vitamin D

    • B.

      It provides energy

    • C.

      It increases blood cholesterol

    • D.

      It slows down gastric emptying

    Correct Answer
    D. It slows down gastric emptying
    Explanation
    Fiber in a balanced healthy diet slows down gastric emptying. This means that it takes longer for food to leave the stomach and enter the small intestine. This helps to regulate digestion and prevent spikes in blood sugar levels. Additionally, fiber adds bulk to the diet, promoting feelings of fullness and aiding in weight management. It also helps to prevent constipation and maintain bowel regularity.

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  • 4. 

    Which of the following is NOT an essential nutrient?

    • A.

      Fat

    • B.

      Alcohol

    • C.

      Vitamins

    • D.

      Protein

    Correct Answer
    B. Alcohol
    Explanation
    Alcohol is not considered an essential nutrient because it does not provide any essential vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients necessary for the body's normal functioning. While it does contain calories, it is not necessary for survival and can actually have negative effects on health when consumed in excess. Essential nutrients, such as fats, vitamins, and proteins, are required for various bodily functions and must be obtained through diet.

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  • 5. 

    According to the Eatwell Plate pictured below, in which section would you find startchy foods such as bread, rice, pasta and potatoes?

    • A.

      A

    • B.

      B

    • C.

      C

    • D.

      D

    Correct Answer
    A. A
    Explanation
    According to the Eatwell Plate pictured below, starchy foods such as bread, rice, pasta, and potatoes can be found in section A.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following provides the best source of vitamin A?

    • A.

      Lentils

    • B.

      Apples

    • C.

      Full fat milk

    • D.

      Brown rice

    Correct Answer
    C. Full fat milk
    Explanation
    Full fat milk provides the best source of vitamin A because it is a rich source of retinol, which is a form of vitamin A that is easily absorbed by the body. Lentils, apples, and brown rice do not contain significant amounts of vitamin A.

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  • 7. 

    Fill the gap: There are                               kilocalories (kcal) in 1 gram of protein.

    • A.

      4

    • B.

      7

    • C.

      9

    • D.

      12

    Correct Answer
    A. 4
  • 8. 

    What is the primary cause of ketosis?

    • A.

      Lack of vitamins

    • B.

      Lack of protein

    • C.

      Lack of fat

    • D.

      Lack of carbohydrate

    Correct Answer
    D. Lack of carbohydrate
    Explanation
    Ketosis occurs when the body doesn't have enough carbohydrates to use as its primary source of energy. In the absence of carbohydrates, the body starts breaking down stored fat for energy, resulting in the production of ketones. Therefore, the primary cause of ketosis is the lack of carbohydrates in the diet.

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  • 9. 

    Why does the body need a regular supply of vitamins and minerals?

    • A.

      To reduce free-radical damage

    • B.

      To help achieve weight gain

    • C.

      To reduce the absorption of fats from the gut

    • D.

      To delay stomach emptying, thus reducing feelings of hunger

    Correct Answer
    A. To reduce free-radical damage
    Explanation
    The body needs a regular supply of vitamins and minerals to reduce free-radical damage. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause damage to cells and contribute to the development of chronic diseases. Vitamins and minerals act as antioxidants, which neutralize free radicals and protect the body from their harmful effects. Therefore, a regular intake of vitamins and minerals is necessary to maintain overall health and prevent oxidative stress.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following are water soluble vitamins?

    • A.

      D & E

    • B.

      B & C

    • C.

      K & E

    • D.

      A & D

    Correct Answer
    B. B & C
    Explanation
    Vitamins B and C are water soluble vitamins. Water soluble vitamins are those that dissolve in water and are easily absorbed by the body. These vitamins are not stored in the body and any excess is excreted through urine. Vitamin B includes a group of vitamins such as B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12, which are important for energy production, metabolism, and overall health. Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is important for immune function, collagen production, and antioxidant activity.

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  • 11. 

    What is the name of the disease characterised by a build up of fatty deposits within the arteries?

    • A.

      Scoliosis

    • B.

      Acidosis

    • C.

      Atherosclerosis

    • D.

      Osteoporosis

    Correct Answer
    C. Atherosclerosis
    Explanation
    Atherosclerosis is the correct answer because it is a disease characterized by the accumulation of fatty deposits, known as plaques, within the arteries. These plaques can harden and narrow the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and potential complications such as heart disease, stroke, or peripheral artery disease. Scoliosis is a condition characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine, acidosis refers to excessive acidity in the body's fluids, and osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones.

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  • 12. 

    When glycogen stores are depleted, where does the liver obtain amino acids from for conversion to glucose?

    • A.

      The breakdown of fat

    • B.

      The breakdown of muscle

    • C.

      The breakdown of starch

    • D.

      The breakdown of carbohydrate

    Correct Answer
    B. The breakdown of muscle
    Explanation
    When glycogen stores are depleted, the liver obtains amino acids from the breakdown of muscle for conversion to glucose. This process is known as gluconeogenesis, where the liver synthesizes new glucose molecules from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids. The breakdown of muscle tissue provides a source of amino acids that can be used by the liver to produce glucose and maintain blood sugar levels.

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  • 13. 

    Which of the following minerals in a trace element?

    • A.

      Calcium

    • B.

      Potassium

    • C.

      Zinc

    • D.

      Phosphorus

    Correct Answer
    C. Zinc
    Explanation
    Zinc is classified as a trace element because it is required by the body in very small amounts. It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions such as immune system function, cell division, wound healing, and DNA synthesis. While calcium, potassium, and phosphorus are all essential minerals, they are not considered trace elements as they are required in larger quantities by the body.

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  • 14. 

    Which method of cooking is recommended in order to retain the vitamins and minerals in vegetables?

    • A.

      Steam in a small amount of water

    • B.

      Boil for 10 minutes

    • C.

      Add to soups or stews

    • D.

      Cook at a very high temperature

    Correct Answer
    A. Steam in a small amount of water
    Explanation
    Steaming vegetables in a small amount of water is recommended in order to retain the vitamins and minerals in them. This method of cooking helps to preserve the nutrients as the vegetables are not submerged in a large amount of water, which can cause them to leach out. Steaming also allows for a shorter cooking time, minimizing nutrient loss.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following is a simple carbohydrate?

    • A.

      Vegetables

    • B.

      Bran

    • C.

      Grains

    • D.

      Jam

    Correct Answer
    D. Jam
    Explanation
    Jam is a simple carbohydrate because it is made primarily of sugar. Simple carbohydrates are composed of one or two sugar molecules and are quickly digested and absorbed by the body, leading to a rapid increase in blood sugar levels. Vegetables, bran, and grains are complex carbohydrates, which are made up of multiple sugar molecules and take longer to digest, providing a more sustained release of energy.

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  • 16. 

    With reference to the food label shown above, what is the percentage of kilocalories derived from carbohydrate?

    • A.

      4.7%

    • B.

      11.8%

    • C.

      27.6%

    • D.

      62.2%

    Correct Answer
    C. 27.6%
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 27.6%. This can be determined by looking at the food label and identifying the amount of kilocalories derived from carbohydrate. In this case, the percentage is 27.6% of the total kilocalories.

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  • 17. 

    Which of the following nutrients is classified as a macronutrient because it is required in relatively large quantities in the diet?

    • A.

      Vitamin C

    • B.

      Calcium 

    • C.

      Iron 

    • D.

      Carbohydrates

    Correct Answer
    D. Carbohydrates
    Explanation
    Carbohydrates are classified as macronutrients because they are one of the three primary nutrients (along with proteins and fats) that the body requires in relatively large quantities. Carbohydrates are a key source of energy for the body, providing glucose, which is the primary fuel for various cellular processes and bodily functions. They are found in foods like grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. While vitamins (like Vitamin C), minerals (like Calcium and Iron), and other nutrients are essential for health, they are typically needed in smaller quantities compared to macronutrients like carbohydrates.

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  • 18. 

    How can saturated fats be identified?

    • A.

      They are solid at room tempertaure

    • B.

      They are liquid at room tempertaure

    • C.

      They are yellow in colour

    • D.

      They are white in colour

    Correct Answer
    A. They are solid at room tempertaure
    Explanation
    Saturated fats can be identified by their solid state at room temperature. This is because saturated fats have a higher melting point compared to unsaturated fats, causing them to solidify at room temperature. This characteristic is due to the structure of saturated fats, which consist of single bonds between carbon atoms, allowing them to pack tightly and form a solid. In contrast, unsaturated fats have double bonds between carbon atoms, causing them to have a lower melting point and remain liquid at room temperature. Therefore, the fact that saturated fats are solid at room temperature is a distinguishing feature that helps in their identification.

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  • 19. 

    Which of the following protein-based foods contains all the essential amino acids?

    • A.

      Peanuts

    • B.

      Lentils

    • C.

      Pasta

    • D.

      Soy-bean

    Correct Answer
    D. Soy-bean
    Explanation
    Soy-bean is the correct answer because it is a complete protein source, meaning it contains all the essential amino acids that our body needs. Peanuts, lentils, and pasta do not contain all the essential amino acids, making them incomplete protein sources. Soy-bean, on the other hand, is a plant-based protein that is considered a complete protein, making it a good choice for individuals looking to meet their protein needs without consuming animal-based products.

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  • 20. 

    Which of the following is important for bile production?

    • A.

      Calcium

    • B.

      Water

    • C.

      Cholesterol

    • D.

      Glucose

    Correct Answer
    C. Cholesterol
    Explanation
    Cholesterol is important for bile production because it is a key component of bile. Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, and it plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats. Cholesterol is one of the main components of bile, along with bile salts, phospholipids, and bilirubin. These substances help to emulsify fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets that can be more easily digested by enzymes. Without cholesterol, the production and function of bile would be impaired, leading to difficulties in fat digestion and absorption.

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  • 21. 

    Which of the following is first in the digestive system?

    • A.

      Rectum

    • B.

      Small intestine

    • C.

      Colon

    • D.

      Stomach

    Correct Answer
    D. Stomach
    Explanation
    The stomach is the first organ in the digestive system. It receives food from the esophagus and begins the process of breaking it down. The stomach secretes gastric juices, including hydrochloric acid and enzymes, which help to break down proteins and kill bacteria. After the stomach, the partially digested food moves into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption of nutrients. Therefore, the stomach is the correct answer as it is the initial organ involved in the digestive process.

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  • 22. 

    The 'traffic light' labelling system shows amounts of which four nutrients?

    • A.

      Saturated fat, sugar, salt, minerals

    • B.

      Fat, saturated fat, sugar, salt

    • C.

      Saturated fat, sugar, starch, minerals

    • D.

      Fat, starch, salt, sugar

    Correct Answer
    B. Fat, saturated fat, sugar, salt
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Fat, saturated fat, sugar, salt. The traffic light labeling system is used to indicate the amount of these four nutrients in a food product. This system uses color-coded labels (red, amber, and green) to help consumers make healthier choices. Fat, saturated fat, sugar, and salt are considered key nutrients to monitor and limit in a balanced diet to maintain good health.

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  • 23. 

    In a healthy diet, what is the recommended percentage of kilocalories (kcal) that shoud come from carbohydrates?

    • A.

      20-30%

    • B.

      30-40%

    • C.

      40-50%

    • D.

      50-60%

    Correct Answer
    D. 50-60%
    Explanation
    In a healthy diet, it is recommended that 50-60% of kilocalories (kcal) should come from carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are an essential source of energy for the body and are found in foods like grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. This range ensures that an adequate amount of carbohydrates is consumed to fuel the body's functions and provide energy for daily activities.

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  • 24. 

    What is the total percentage of fats recommended in a balanced healthy diet?

    • A.

      No more than 15%

    • B.

      No more than 25%

    • C.

      No more than 35%

    • D.

      No more than 45%

    Correct Answer
    C. No more than 35%
    Explanation
    The total percentage of fats recommended in a balanced healthy diet should not exceed 35%. This is because while fats are an essential part of our diet, consuming too much can lead to weight gain and increase the risk of heart disease. It is important to choose healthy fats, such as those found in nuts, avocados, and olive oil, and limit the intake of saturated and trans fats. Keeping the fat intake below 35% helps maintain a balanced and healthy diet.

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  • 25. 

    Which of the following does NOT qualify as a portion of fruit or vegtables?

    • A.

      1 medium sized potato

    • B.

      1 dessert bowl of salad

    • C.

      1 glass of orange juice

    • D.

      1 handful of blueberries

    Correct Answer
    A. 1 medium sized potato
    Explanation
    A medium-sized potato does not qualify as a portion of fruit or vegetables because it is a starchy vegetable rather than a fruit or non-starchy vegetable. While potatoes do provide some nutritional value, they are higher in carbohydrates and calories compared to most fruits and non-starchy vegetables. Therefore, it is important to consume a variety of fruits and non-starchy vegetables in order to get a wide range of nutrients.

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  • 26. 

    Which of the following is a possible consequence of eating a low protein diet?

    • A.

      Decreased muscle growth and repair

    • B.

      Increased potential for glycogen storage

    • C.

      Increased uptake of minerals

    • D.

      Decreased potential to store body fat

    Correct Answer
    A. Decreased muscle growth and repair
    Explanation
    A low protein diet can lead to decreased muscle growth and repair because protein is essential for building and repairing muscle tissues. It can also result in decreased potential to store body fat since protein helps regulate appetite and promotes satiety. However, increased uptake of minerals is not a direct consequence of eating a low protein diet.

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  • 27. 

    What advice would you recommend as part of an effective fat loss programme?

    • A.

      Severely restrict calorie intake

    • B.

      Include regular cardiovascular training

    • C.

      Aim to lose weight as rapidly as possible

    • D.

      Avoid any resistance training

    Correct Answer
    B. Include regular cardiovascular training
    Explanation
    Including regular cardiovascular training as part of an effective fat loss program is recommended because it helps to increase the heart rate and burn calories. Cardiovascular exercises such as running, cycling, or swimming can help to improve cardiovascular fitness and increase the body's calorie expenditure. This type of exercise also helps to improve overall health and can contribute to weight loss when combined with a balanced diet. Severely restricting calorie intake, aiming to lose weight rapidly, and avoiding resistance training are not recommended as they can be detrimental to overall health and may lead to muscle loss.

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  • 28. 

    Which of the following services should be referred to a registered dietician?

    • A.

      Evaluating the need for supplementation

    • B.

      Estimating daily energy requirements

    • C.

      Identifying strengths and weaknesses of diffrent diets

    • D.

      Utilising the eatwell plate to assess a diet

    Correct Answer
    A. Evaluating the need for supplementation
    Explanation
    A registered dietician should be referred to for evaluating the need for supplementation because they have the expertise to assess an individual's nutritional needs and determine if any specific nutrients are lacking in their diet. Supplementation may be necessary if a person is not getting enough essential vitamins or minerals from their food alone. A dietician can evaluate the person's current diet and health status to determine if supplementation is necessary and recommend the appropriate supplements if needed.

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  • 29. 

    During moderate to high intensity activity, how long can stored muscle glycogen last?

    • A.

      10 seconds

    • B.

      1 - 1.5 hours

    • C.

      4 - 5 hours

    • D.

      24 hours

    Correct Answer
    B. 1 - 1.5 hours
    Explanation
    During moderate to high intensity activity, the body primarily relies on stored muscle glycogen for energy. Muscle glycogen is the storage form of glucose in the muscles. The duration for which stored muscle glycogen can last depends on the intensity of the activity. During moderate to high intensity activity, the body depletes its glycogen stores at a faster rate. On average, stored muscle glycogen can last for about 1 to 1.5 hours during such activities. After this time, the body may start to rely on other energy sources such as fat.

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  • 30. 

    What is the recommended daily protein intake for a sedentary adult?

    • A.

      0.2g/kg body weight

    • B.

      0.8g/kg body weight

    • C.

      1.2g/kg body weight

    • D.

      1.8g/kg body weight

    Correct Answer
    B. 0.8g/kg body weight
    Explanation
    The recommended daily protein intake for a sedentary adult is 0.8g/kg body weight. This means that for every kilogram of body weight, the individual should consume 0.8 grams of protein. This amount is considered sufficient for a sedentary lifestyle, providing the necessary nutrients for bodily functions and maintenance. Higher protein intake may be recommended for individuals with more active lifestyles or specific dietary needs.

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  • 31. 

    Which of the following describes a safe and effective weight loss plan?

    • A.

      Provide an energy intake below an individual's BMR

    • B.

      Promote rapid weight loss by eating less

    • C.

      Allow unlimited amounts of a certain food group

    • D.

      Increase energy output and decrease energy intake

    Correct Answer
    D. Increase energy output and decrease energy intake
    Explanation
    Increasing energy output and decreasing energy intake is a safe and effective weight loss plan. By increasing energy output through exercise and physical activity, and decreasing energy intake by consuming fewer calories, the body creates a calorie deficit. This deficit forces the body to use stored fat as fuel, leading to weight loss. This approach is considered safe because it promotes gradual and sustainable weight loss, rather than rapid weight loss, which can be harmful to overall health.

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  • 32. 

    During high intensity activity, what fuel contributes the most to energy production?

    • A.

      Protein

    • B.

      Iron

    • C.

      Glycogen

    • D.

      Fat

    Correct Answer
    C. Glycogen
    Explanation
    During high intensity activity, the body relies primarily on glycogen as a fuel source for energy production. Glycogen is a form of glucose that is stored in the muscles and liver. It is easily broken down and converted into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the primary energy currency of the body. Glycogen provides a quick and readily available source of energy during intense exercise when the demand for energy is high. Protein, iron, and fat are also important for energy production, but they are not the primary fuel sources during high intensity activity.

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  • 33. 

    Which of the following drinks would be used by endurance athletes to top up muscle glycogen stores?

    • A.

      Hypertonic

    • B.

      Water

    • C.

      Hypotonic

    • D.

      Tea

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypertonic
    Explanation
    Endurance athletes would use hypertonic drinks to top up muscle glycogen stores. Hypertonic drinks have a higher concentration of carbohydrates, which can be quickly absorbed by the body and converted into glycogen to replenish energy stores. This is important for endurance athletes who engage in prolonged physical activity and need to sustain their energy levels for extended periods of time. Water and hypotonic drinks, on the other hand, do not provide the same level of carbohydrate concentration and would not be as effective in replenishing muscle glycogen stores.

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  • 34. 

    Using the Scholfield calculation shown above, calculate the daily energy requirement (kcal) for a 20 year old male who weighs 80kg and is very active. 

    • A.

      2610

    • B.

      3110

    • C.

      3610

    • D.

      4110

    Correct Answer
    C. 3610
    Explanation
    The Scholfield calculation is a method used to estimate daily energy requirements. It takes into account factors such as age, sex, weight, and activity level. In this case, the question states that the individual is a 20-year-old male who weighs 80kg and is very active. Based on this information, the correct answer of 3610 kcal is likely calculated using the Scholfield equation.

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  • 35. 

    What is the approximate energy expenditure of a 65kg individual during brisk walking?

    • A.

      1 kcal/min

    • B.

      6 kcal/min

    • C.

      16 kcal/min

    • D.

      160 kcal/min

    Correct Answer
    B. 6 kcal/min
    Explanation
    The approximate energy expenditure of a 65kg individual during brisk walking is 6 kcal/min. This means that for every minute of brisk walking, the individual burns approximately 6 kilocalories of energy. This is a moderate level of energy expenditure and is commonly recommended for maintaining overall health and fitness.

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  • 36. 

    Which reference to metabolism, what do the initials TEF stand for?

    • A.

      Trans Essential Fats

    • B.

      Total Energy of Feeding

    • C.

      Timed Eating Factor

    • D.

      Thermic Effect of Food

    Correct Answer
    D. Thermic Effect of Food
    Explanation
    The initials TEF stand for Thermic Effect of Food. This term refers to the energy expenditure that occurs during the process of digesting, absorbing, and metabolizing food. When we eat, our body uses energy to break down the food and convert it into usable forms. This energy expenditure is known as the thermic effect of food, and it contributes to the total energy expenditure of an individual.

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  • 37. 

    Which of the following methods would be least effective for measuring fat loss?

    • A.

      Tape measure

    • B.

      Bio-electrical impedance

    • C.

      Skin fold callipers

    • D.

      Weighing scales

    Correct Answer
    D. Weighing scales
    Explanation
    Weighing scales would be the least effective method for measuring fat loss because they only provide overall body weight and do not differentiate between fat, muscle, or water weight. Other methods such as tape measure, bio-electrical impedance, and skin fold calipers are more accurate in measuring fat loss as they can provide information about body composition and fat distribution.

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  • 38. 

    Which of the following is a sign of Bulimia?

    • A.

      High breathing rate

    • B.

      High blood pressure

    • C.

      Increased bone density

    • D.

      Increased tooth decay

    Correct Answer
    D. Increased tooth decay
    Explanation
    Increased tooth decay is a sign of Bulimia because individuals with this eating disorder often engage in episodes of binge eating followed by purging through self-induced vomiting or excessive exercise. The frequent exposure of stomach acid from vomiting can erode tooth enamel, leading to increased tooth decay. This is a common dental issue observed in individuals with Bulimia.

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  • 39. 

    Which of the following individuals has a body mass index (BMI) that would be considered to be healthy? (wt(kg)/ht'2 (m))

    • A.

      Person 1. Weight: 53kg Height: 1.72metres

    • B.

      Person 2. Weight: 70kg Height: 1.72metres

    • C.

      Person 3. Weight: 85kg Height: 1.72metres

    • D.

      Person 4. Weight: 100kg Height: 1.72metres

    Correct Answer
    B. Person 2. Weight: 70kg Height: 1.72metres
    Explanation
    Person 2 has a body mass index (BMI) that would be considered healthy because their weight (70kg) divided by their height squared (1.72m^2) falls within the healthy range for BMI. BMI is a measure of body fat based on weight and height, and a healthy BMI typically falls between 18.5 and 24.9. Person 2's BMI would fall within this range, indicating a healthy weight for their height.

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  • 40. 

    Someone who has been consciously eating healthily for the last 7 months is in which stage of change?

    • A.

      Action

    • B.

      Preparation

    • C.

      Maintenance

    • D.

      Termination

    Correct Answer
    C. Maintenance
    Explanation
    The individual who has been consciously eating healthily for the last 7 months is in the maintenance stage of change. This stage refers to the period where the person has successfully adopted the desired behavior and is actively working to sustain it. In this case, the person has already made the necessary changes to their eating habits and is now focused on maintaining their healthy lifestyle over the long term.

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