Process of contemporary political geography Quiz

Explanation
Friedrich Ratzel wrote the book "Politische Geographie". Friedrich Ratzel was a German geographer and ethnographer who is known for his work in political geography. He is considered one of the founding fathers of modern human geography and his book "Politische Geographie" is a significant contribution to the field.

Explanation
The concept of Lebensraum is associated with Settler Colonialism. Lebensraum, meaning "living space" in German, was a term used by Nazis to justify their territorial expansion and colonization. It referred to the belief that the German people needed more space to live and grow, which led to the colonization and displacement of indigenous populations. Settler Colonialism similarly involves the establishment of a new society by colonizers who displace and marginalize the indigenous inhabitants of the land. Both ideologies involve the belief in the superiority of the colonizers and their right to dominate and control the land.

Explanation
Halford John Mackinder wrote the article "The Geographical Pivot of History".

Explanation
The Heartland Theory states that the power that rules/controls Central Asia would eventually become the most potent nation in world affairs. This theory was proposed by British geographer Halford Mackinder in 1904. It suggests that the control of the Eurasian landmass, specifically the "Heartland" region of Central Asia, would give a nation the necessary resources and strategic advantage to dominate the world. This theory has been influential in shaping geopolitical strategies and understanding the importance of controlling key geographical areas.

Explanation
The correct answer is "All of the above" because all three processes - sovereignty, colonialism, and imperialism - have played significant roles in shaping contemporary political geography. Sovereignty refers to the authority and power of a state to govern itself and make decisions within its own borders. Colonialism involves the establishment and control of colonies by one country in another territory, often resulting in political and territorial changes. Imperialism refers to the policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, military force, or economic dominance. All three processes have influenced the boundaries, political systems, and power dynamics of modern states.

Explanation
In 1991, the USSR collapsed. This marked the end of the Soviet Union, which had been a major world power since its establishment in 1922. The collapse was a result of various factors, including economic struggles, political unrest, and the desire for independence from the Soviet republics. The dissolution of the USSR led to the formation of independent nations such as Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus.

Explanation
The press is not an essential component of the state because it is not a fundamental element required for the existence and functioning of a state. The state consists of a population, territory, and sovereignty, which are essential components that define a political entity. While the press plays a crucial role in a democratic society, it is not an inherent component of the state itself.

Explanation
The Kurds are primarily found in the region of Iran, Iraq, and Turkey. These countries have significant Kurdish populations and have been historically inhabited by the Kurdish people. The Kurds are an ethnic group with their own distinct language and culture. They have faced various challenges and conflicts in these regions, including struggles for autonomy and recognition of their rights.

Explanation
In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from Russia. This acquisition, known as the Alaska Purchase, was negotiated by Secretary of State William Seward. The purchase was motivated by various factors, including the desire for natural resources such as fur, timber, and minerals, as well as the strategic importance of having a presence in the Pacific region. The purchase price was $7.2 million, and Alaska officially became a U.S. territory. It later achieved statehood in 1959.

Explanation
A group that is unified by geography, language, and culture is called a society. Society refers to a group of individuals who share common characteristics, such as living in the same geographical area, speaking the same language, and sharing similar cultural practices and beliefs. This term encompasses a broader sense of community and social organization, beyond just a nation or ethnicity.